重庆市两江新区产业布局与劳动力聚合效应研究

比较分析了两江新区和滨海新区的功能区及产业布局,利用就业弹性系数模型对未来10年两江新区产业发展所需的劳动就业数量进行了预测。主要结论是:二、三产业的增长对劳动力就业产生了较强的聚合效应,第一产业产值的增加一定程度上对就业增长产生了"挤出"效应。未来10年,两江新区将聚合劳动力137～142万人。据此,提出了两江新区的产业布局思路,以及发展、促进就业的政策建议。     

企业自主创新中个人知识利用策略研究

自主创新需要多个领域专家的参与,充分利用参与者所掌握的知识是自主创新取得成功的保障。使用委托代理模型分析了个人参与自主创新贡献其知识的努力水平、自主创新岗位工资、企业对监督的投入、个人工作时间之间的相互关系。在此基础上,提出了企业自主创新中的个人知识利用策略。     

中国海洋产业增长极选择研究

21 世纪是海洋的世纪,海洋经济在国民经济中起着举足轻重的作用,合理的发展模式对推动海洋产业经济发展尤为重要。本文以增长极理论为指导,采用不平衡发展模式、主成分分析法及聚类分析法对中国海洋产业经济增长极选择进行实证分析,结果表明：中国应以海洋渔业、滨海旅游业及海洋交通运输业作为主导产业进行发展,并确定其海洋产业增长极的地位。以此为契机,本文还进一步分析评价了海洋产业增长极的发展状况,以确定海洋产业发展战略,为中国海洋产业经济增长极的培育及国家海洋产业经济发展提供参考支撑。     

Anticipating converging industries using publicly available data

Industry convergence, described as the blurring of boundaries between industries, plays an increasingly pivotal role in shaping markets and industries. Traditionally, this phenomenon has been discussed in respect to telecommunications, information technologies and electronics, but more recently also the chemical and its related industries find themselves affected by a larger convergence process. With the primary example of phytosterols in the two converging industries of Cosmeceuticals and of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, we analyze 7455 scientific and patent references in respect to first indicators for signs of convergence. Furthermore, we present and discuss a multiple indicator concept for monitoring convergence in an R&D-intensive field on the basis of publicly available data.     

Consumer preferences for new technology: apples enriched with antioxidant coatings in Uzbekistan

Food markets in developing countries are experiencing an expansion of new functional products. Even though their market share is small, these food products are usually imported and post a higher price compared to local products. In this article, we investigate the consumer response toward new functional food products in Uzbekistan by focusing on the incorporation of apples enriched with antioxidant coating in the food market. We conduct consumer surveys with two different information treatments. We utilize a dichotomous‐choice contingent valuation methodology to estimate willingness to pay for this product and analyze factors that affect consumer choice. The results suggest that the average Uzbek respondent is willing to purchase functional apples with a 6% discount. The effect of information regarding the potential health benefits of antioxidants is positive and statistically significant. We compare the findings with a previous U.S. study of the same product and discuss how the delivery method provides an additional hurdle in the Uzbek market.     

连云港西双湖湿地公园植物景观营造技术

以西双湖湿地公园为例,通过植物资源调查研究,总结出其植物景观存在的问题。遵循湿地植物景观营造的原则,针对不同功能分区的生态要求,从生态、景观角度综合考虑,对湿地公园的植物景观营造进行了探索与分析,以期为连云港市湿地公园的植物景观营造提供指导。     

A functional approach for studying technological progress: Extension to energy technology

This paper extends a broad functional category approach for the study of technological capability progress recently developed and applied to information technology to a second key case—that of energy based technologies. The approach is applied to the same three functional operations—storage, transportation and transformation—that were used for information technology by first building a 100 plus year database for each of the three energy-based functional categories. In agreement with the results for information technology in the first paper, the energy technology results indicate that the functional approach offers a stable methodology for assessing longer time technological progress trends. Moreover, similar to what was found with information technology in the first study, the functional capability for energy technology shows continual—if not continuous—improvement that is best quantitatively described as exponential with respect to time. The absence of capability discontinuities—even with large technology displacement—and the lack of clear saturation effects are found with energy as it was with information. However, some key differences between energy and information technology are seen and these include:

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Lower rates of progress for energy technology over the entire period: 19-37% annually for Information Technology and 3-13% for Energy Technology.

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Substantial variability of progress rates is found within given functional categories for energy compared to relatively small variation within any one category for information technology. The strongest variation is found among capability progress among different energy types.

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More challenging data recovery and metric definition for energy as compared to information technology.

These findings are interpreted in terms of fundamental differences between energy and information including the losses and efficiency constraints on energy. We apply Whitney's insight that these fundamental differences lead to naturally modular information technology artifacts. The higher progress rates of information-based as opposed to energy-based technologies follows since decomposable systems can progress more rapidly due to the greater ease of independent as opposed to simultaneous development. In addition, the broad implications of our findings to studies of the relationships between technical and social change are briefly discussed.     

中国工业部门要素分配份额决定因素研究

本文讨论我国工业部门要素分配份额的决定因素问题。在标准的新古典要素分配份额模型中,本文引入Dixit-Stiglitz垄断竞争以及企业目标函数的差异,建立了要素分配份额的决定模型。根据这个理论模型,本文建立了中国工业部门要素分配份额的计量模型,并利用系统GMM方法进行估计。回归结果表明,垄断能力越高,资本收入份额越高,国有和非国有企业的资本收入份额存在明显差异,国有企业的资本收入份额明显低于非国有企业,各类经济性质企业的资本收入份额从高到低依次为外商投资企业、港澳台企业、法人投资企业、集体企业、私有企业和国有企业。传统新古典分配模型考虑的技术因素,包括要素投入比的变化和技术进步,对要素分配份额的变化没有显著影响,表明我国工业部门要素替代弹性为1,因而劳动与资本相对价格的变化对要素分配份额没有显著影响。我们的结论是,工业部门要素分配份额变化的主要原因是产品市场垄断增加和国有部门改制引起的劳动力市场环境改变。     

基于现金流量的企业财务风险测控探讨——以农业上市公司为例

以我国农业上市公司为研究对象,从财务风险测控出发,利用主成分分析法建立判断上市公司是否发生财务风险的预警模型--T模型,针对目前以"ST"作为财务困境企业的分界点不能准确判断出企业是否有足够的现金流量以及能否真正避免财务危机这一现状,结合各项现金类指标,可从企业现金流量的角度判断企业是否存在财务困境,能否偿还各类到期利息及债务,为企业提供一个更为准确的预测和控制财务危机的工具.     

控制权扭曲的制度基础:不完全合同的视角

现有文献对控制权扭曲的分析较为分散,这是导致各种具体机制难以遏制低效率行为(如过度注资、掏空、短期行为等)的主要原因之一.在对各种形式的控制权扭曲进行系统归纳的基础上提出了一种新的权力观,这有利于为设计更好的治理机制提供思路.我们认为,根据权力来源的不同,可以将权力划分为直接控制权、衍生控制权和代理控制权,每一种控制权都有与其相对应特有的控制权扭曲形式.直接控制权可能会造成事前的专用性投资不足以及事后的互相侵害;衍生控制权可能会造成纵向转移和横向转移资产;而代理控制权所造成的配置扭曲形式包括:权力交叉问题,短期行为问题、赢家通吃问题和优者出局问题.